MAGIC NUMBERS

Decimal Numbers.

Decimal numbers are the numbers what we use in daily life for counting. Since human hans consist of ten fingers, we use multiples of tens for counting.

It consist of zero and set of whole numbers(1, 2, 3, ........9) . 

The value is formed by the sum of each digit, multiplied by the base (in this case it is 10 because there are 10 digits in decimal system) in power of digit position (counting from zero):

.....10⁷+10⁶+10⁵+10⁴+10³+10²+10¹+10⁰

These digits and multiples of ten can represent any value, for example:

754.

                                           digit x multiples of Ten 

7 x 100(10²) = 700

5 x 10(10¹)  =   50

4 x 1(10⁰)   =     4

---------------

             754

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Note: Any number to the power of zero is 1. Ex: 

Binary Numbers.

Like humans, machines cannot understand the decimal number system. The machines, robots and computers only understands the  two digit number system, known as Binary system. It consist of two digits only. First is "1" and second is "0". 

First digit "1" represents that the logic is "high" or "on" or "true" or "yes". 
The second digit  "0" represents the logic is "low" or "off" or "false" or "no".

Since it has only two digits, the system consist of multiples of two, and through this multiple combination, any number can be generated. For example :

(lets take an example of 8 bit)

Sl no	4(22)	2(21)	1(20)
#0	0	0	0
#1	0	0	1
#2	0	1	0
#3	0	1	1
#4	1	0	0
#5	1	0	1
#6	1	1	0
#7	1	1	1

Step 1 :
Now lets have a look at the above table. For newbie's or beginners who cant able to figure out these weird 1's and 0's. just look for the 0's in the first row.

Sl no	4(22)	2(21)	1(20)
#0	0	0	0

Everything in the row is zero corresponding to every column.  That means....

4x0 + 2x0 + 1x0 = ?

0    +   0   +   0  = 0

Step 2 :

Lets looks at the second row. The row in which the 1's reside is taken into account.

Sl no

4(22)

2(21)

1(20)

#1

0

0

1

4x0 + 2x0 + 1x1 = ?

0    +   0   +  1  = 1

Step 3 :

Lets looks at the third row. The row in which the 1's reside is taken into account.

Sl no

4(22)

2(21)

1(20)

#2

0

1

0

4x0 + 2x1 + 1x0 = ?

0    +   2 +  0  = 2

Step 4 :

Lets looks at the last row. 

Sl no

4(22)

2(21)

1(20)

#7

1

1

1

4x1 + 2x1 + 1x1 = ?

4   +   2  +  1  = 7

Lets play a Binary game to understand it better. 

Steps to start the game.

step 1: Start the new game.

step 2: start the round.

step 3: look for the decimal number and try to click on corresponding number which when added together gives the decimal value.

note: you can awitch your changes from 1-0 or 0-1 anytime. Try to solve it intime.

Best of Luck

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MICROCONTROLLER vs MICROPROCESSOR

Hey guyz, today we are trying to understand the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller. Many of you know your computer or PC (personal computer) in and out, right!! So lets see what a computer is comprised of........

• PROCESSOR : 

A processor is a circuit comprises of a logical circuits like adder, differentiator, flipflops and accumulator etc. These circuit together processes your data stored in the memory or storage device. In general it executes your software data which you run on your computer, softwares like MS word, media players, browsers, games etc. A Processor is like a brain of your computer.

• Hard Disk Drive: 

It is used to store your data, application software, multimedia files and of course the OS (operating system) like WINDOWS or LINUX.

• RAM(Random Access Memory):

It is a temporary memory. Its like a small bucket used to transfer water from one tank to another. Here water refers to "DATA" and tank refers to Hard disk and the Processor.

• ROM(Read Only Memory):

It is permanent memory. It contains the startup code for your computer, the code is written by the manufacturers. ROM loads the necessary files required to initiate your operating system. The black screen after your computer is switched on and it displays some data about your computer, these are the thing loaded by the code in ROM. 

These are the things needed to run your computer perfectly. And regarding I/O devices like DVD writer, keyboard and Monitor etc those are needed for human interaction with the computer.

Microprocessor alone cannot handle a task or run a system, it requires at least of these above peripherals to handle a given task/system, Whereas the MICROCONTROLLER contains all the ingredients in it require to handle a given task without any peripherals. 

Its like a One man army in the battle field.  This doesn't mean that microprocessor has a drawback or it has failed in its purpose.

Microprocessor is best when it comes to multi-tasking. And microcontroller is best suitable for single tasking or application specific tasks.EXAMPLE: You cant use a battle tank to kill a fly. It can be done just by using the fly swatter. Likewise, you can use a microprocessor to blink an led, but it can also be done using microcontroller(less cost, single task efficient and flexible). Think wisely and choose smartly.

Lets take a look at simple comparison table for better understanding.

You can blink an led using Microcontroller	You can also blink an led using microprocessor, but to blink an led microprocessor is way to costly.
Microcontroller is best suitable for learning purpose.	Microprocessor cannot be used without peripherals, hence it is not suitable for learnng purpose.
Microcontroller is single tasking. Either you can blink an led or run a motor at a time.	You can do many more things with microprocessor. Run multiple tasks at a time.
No need of operating system.	Best utilized when operating system is installed.
Low power consumption.	High power consumption
Best suitable for hobbyist, students and people who love to do some magic in their home using electronics.	Best suitable for Personal computers

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Retro Intro !!!

WELCOME TO

EMBEDDED MAGIC !!!

Hello guys!

This is my new blog that i have created. I am an embedded engineer, working in a research and development lab and i have created this blog to share my experiences with beginners and gain my knowledge from the professionals.

This is an open source blog, so feel free to send your suggestions, ideas and share your experiences too. I was dreaming of making a blog which reflects my experiences in embedded field and also others can be benefitted from my knowledge. So this is about me and my dreams.

So lets talk about electronics, its a branch of physics which deals with the controlling of electrons(definition in simple language, Y! to complicate it).

And now! Lets see what is an Embedded System.................

Check out my first post.............

We'll Start playing with electronics from now on. Please visit back again and                      again for some real adventure................

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